Messenger RNA and Transfer RNA
DNA
What is It?
mRNA: Abbreviated form for messenger ribonucleic
acid. The form of RNA that mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. It is synthesized from a DNA template during the process of transcription.
tRNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a small RNA molecule that transfers a specific active amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation.
These different RNA molecules are different in many ways. They both have the same base pairs: Cytosine with Guanine and Adenine with Uricil. In mRNA and tRNA Uricil replaces Thymine in the bases.
Function
mRNA:The basic function of the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is to determine the amino acid sequence in proteins.
tRNA: The anticodon triplet within the loop at the bottom is complementary to the mRNA codon and will make base pairs with it.
Structure
mRNA: The structure of mRNA includes more than simply a copy of the gene from the DNA. On one end of the mRNA is a cap. This is a structure that allows the mRNA to bind to the ribosome and is very important in protein synthesis. Then there is a section of RNA that is non-coding. This section can vary in length. Next is an initiation codon, which signals the beginning of the coding sequence. Finally, there is the coding region which contains the copy of the genes. (http://www.ehow.com/about_6136407_structure-function-mrna.html)
tRNA: The structure of tRNA can be decomposed into its primary structure, its secondary structure (usually visualized as the cloverleaf structure), and its tertiary structure (all tRNAs have a similar L-shaped 3D structure that allows them to fit into the P and A sites of the ribosome). The cloverleaf structure becomes the 3D L-shaped structure through coaxial stacking of the helices, which is a common RNA Tertiary Structure. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_RNA#Structure)
mRNA: Abbreviated form for messenger ribonucleic
acid. The form of RNA that mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. It is synthesized from a DNA template during the process of transcription.
tRNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a small RNA molecule that transfers a specific active amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation.
These different RNA molecules are different in many ways. They both have the same base pairs: Cytosine with Guanine and Adenine with Uricil. In mRNA and tRNA Uricil replaces Thymine in the bases.
Function
mRNA:The basic function of the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is to determine the amino acid sequence in proteins.
tRNA: The anticodon triplet within the loop at the bottom is complementary to the mRNA codon and will make base pairs with it.
Structure
mRNA: The structure of mRNA includes more than simply a copy of the gene from the DNA. On one end of the mRNA is a cap. This is a structure that allows the mRNA to bind to the ribosome and is very important in protein synthesis. Then there is a section of RNA that is non-coding. This section can vary in length. Next is an initiation codon, which signals the beginning of the coding sequence. Finally, there is the coding region which contains the copy of the genes. (http://www.ehow.com/about_6136407_structure-function-mrna.html)
tRNA: The structure of tRNA can be decomposed into its primary structure, its secondary structure (usually visualized as the cloverleaf structure), and its tertiary structure (all tRNAs have a similar L-shaped 3D structure that allows them to fit into the P and A sites of the ribosome). The cloverleaf structure becomes the 3D L-shaped structure through coaxial stacking of the helices, which is a common RNA Tertiary Structure. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_RNA#Structure)